Yosemite National Park was initially established as a state park by the California legislature in 1863, before being regulated by the U.S. Army for several years and officially designated a national park in 1890. It is considered the “Crown Jewel” of national parks in the United States and is both a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a World Biosphere Reserve. Yosemite has been hailed by presidents, poets, and generations of adventurers for its towering granite cliffs, vast wilderness areas, lush forests and powerful waterfalls, drawing in an estimated four million visitors yearly. So when did Yosemite become a National Park? In this article we will explore this captivating question in more detail.
In 1864, influential naturalist John Muir described Yosemite Valley as “the most impressive deep, sheer-walled gash in the face of the tufted Sierra”. He helped to galvanize the nation on the importance of protecting such land as well as to create public support for National Park status. In 1866, the California State legislature granted The Yosemite Grant, one of the first pieces of legislature in the western US to create a public park. This protected Yosemite Valley and the Mariposa Grove of giant sequoia trees from private acquisition and destruction. The state then held the lands in trust and allowed public access.
In 1872, Congress debated legislation to make Yosemite “a public park, a common for all people” that would be both managed and protected according to the bill’s proposed terms. However, congress failed to pass the bill, consistent with the country’s political and economic climate at that time, as well as negative public opinion. In the following decade, the park was managed by the U.S. Army, who enacted strict public regulations.
In 1890, Congress set aside more than three thousand square miles in Yosemite and its surrounding region as a National Park. It was the second National Park to be established and it was the first ever National Park to have protection from commercial development. Over the years, it has grown to include over a thousand miles of wilderness lands. The legislation for California was also third legislation passed to protect areas of important natural, scientific, and societal value.
Today, Yosemite remains a symbol of environmental stewardship and America’s natural beauty, preserving its stunning landscape for future generations. Through its rich biodiversity, from alpine meadows to dazzling waterfalls, Yosemite National Park offers visitors unique experiences and inspiring views. During this period where access to nature has never been more important, Yosemite offers an opportunity to connect with nature in a safe and responsible manner by following the park’s set regulations.
The Effects of becoming a National Park
The effects of the park being designated as a national park in 1890 had a significant impact on the region. It brought a sharp influx in tourism, with the number of visitors skyrocketing from two thousand visitors in the 1860s to 40 thousand a year by 2000. This tourism resulted in the growth of towns near the park that catered to the visitors’ needs. It also resulted in the growth of the park services as well as the Park Ranger program, which is responsible for law enforcement, emergency responses, search and rescue, educational programs, and visitor services related to Yosemite.
The Major Attractions of Yosemite
Yosemite is home to many of the most spectacular sights in the country, with its cascading waterfalls, ancient giant sequoias, and breathtaking views from summits and peaks. One of the most breathtaking locations is El Capitan, a two-thousand-foot granite monolith that is the ideal location for rock-climbing and attracts many experienced climbers from all around the world. Yosemite also has its famous waterfalls that drop from well over a thousand feet, including Yosemite Falls, the largest waterfall in North America.
Conservation Efforts In Yosemite
Conservation of Yosemite has been a priority for the park since its establishment. Efforts to reduce air pollution, combat the spread of invasive species, and protect the land and the park’s wildlife have been prioritized over time. The park has been at the forefront of conservation efforts, such as the reintroduction of the California condor, the state’s official bird, and the reintroduction of two species of native trout to Yosemite’s waterways.
Wildlife in Yosemite
The wildlife of Yosemite is as diverse and awe-inspiring as the landscape itself. The park is home to numerous species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and insects, all of which have adapted to the unique dry and mountainous environment. Some of the most iconic wildlife species include the black bear, mule deer, peregrine falcon, mountain lion, and Sierra Nevada red fox. Though observing and photographing wildlife is a highlight for many visitors, it is important to remember that these creatures are living beings and to respect their homes and give them space.
The Contributions of Indigenous People
Before Yosemite was a national park, the incredible land was home to many Indigenous tribes. The Sierra Miwok, Paiute, and Mono Lake Paiutes were among the original inhabitants of the Yosemite Valley region. These Indigenous people had occupied these lands for centuries before the park was established. They were heavily involved in the stewardship of the land, which was practiced through sophisticated usage of fire and careful management of resources. Their indigenous religious ceremonies have formed ancient traditions that are still honored in the region.
Living Sustainably at Yosemite
Those visiting Yosemite National Park can contribute to its sustenance and protection of the region’s natural beauty. Plastics, including single-use water bottles, should be avoided, while visitors should adhere to the Leave No Trace policy so that future generations can enjoy the park for years to come. Wildlife should also be given the space it deserves, while respecting the land and its laws. Visitors should also attend educational programs to learn more about the environment and how to help protect it.
